Valve yo gutereraijugunywa muri valve, igipimo rusange cy'umuvuduko wa valve icukurwamo kiri hasi cyane (nka PN16, PN25, PN40, ariko hari n'umuvuduko mwinshi, ushobora kugera kuri 1500LD, 2500LB), igice kinini cy'umuvuduko kirenze DN50.Vali zo gucurazikozwe mu buryo bw'ubucuzi. Muri rusange zikoreshwa mu miyoboro yo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Ubushobozi ni buke, kandi muri rusange ziri munsi ya DN50.
A, gushushanya
1. Gushongesha: ni inzira yo gushongesha icyuma mu mazi yujuje ibisabwa runaka no kugisuka mu ibumba. Nyuma yo gukonjesha no gukomera, gushongesha (ibice cyangwa ubusa) biboneka bifite imiterere, ingano n'imikorere byagenwe. Ikoranabuhanga ry'ibanze ry'inganda zigezweho zikora imashini.
2, ikiguzi cyo gucukura kiri hasi, ku miterere igoye, cyane cyane ku bice bigoye byo mu mwobo, byinshi bishobora kugaragaza ubukungu bwabyo; Ariko kandi, ifite ubushobozi bwo kwihutisha ibintu n'imiterere myiza ya mekanike.
3, ariko ibikoresho bikenewe mu gukora ibumba (nk'ibyuma, ibiti, lisansi, ibikoresho byo gushushanya, nibindi) n'ibikoresho (nk'itanura ry'icyuma, imashini ivanga umucanga, imashini ibumba, imashini ikora inkingi, imashini icukura, imashini irasa, isahani y'icyuma, nibindi) ni byinshi, kandi bizatanga ivumbi, umwuka mubi n'urusaku kandi bihumanya ibidukikije.
4. Gucukura ni ubwoko bw'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ry'icyuma rifite amateka y'imyaka igera ku 6000. Mu 3200 mbere ya Yesu, gucukura ibikeri by'umuringa byagaragaye muri Mezopotamiya. Hagati y'ikinyejana cya 13 mbere ya Yesu na 10 mbere ya Yesu, Ubushinwa bwinjiye mu bihe bikomeye byo gucukura umuringa, inzira igeze ku rwego rwo hejuru, nko mu gihe cya Shang Dynasty Simuwu square Ding gipima ibiro 875, Ubutegetsi bw'Ibihugu byarwanaga Jinghou Yi Zunpan n'indorerwamo ibonerana y'Ubwami bwa Han y'Iburengerazuba ni byo bicuruzwa bya kera byo gucukura. Gucukura bya mbere byagizweho ingaruka cyane n'ububumbyi, kandi inyinshi mu bikoresho byo gucukura byari ibikoresho cyangwa ibikoresho byo mu buhinzi, idini, ubuzima n'ibindi bintu, bifite ibara rikomeye ry'ubuhanzi. Mu 513 mbere ya Yesu, Ubushinwa bwakoze icyuma cya mbere cyakozwe mu nyandiko zanditse ku isi - Jin Casting Ding (hafi ibiro 270). Ahagana mu kinyejana cya 8, Uburayi bwatangiye gukora icyuma cyakozwe. Nyuma y'impinduramatwara y'inganda mu kinyejana cya 18, gucukura byinjiye mu gihe gishya cyo gukorera inganda nini. Mu kinyejana cya 20, iterambere ryihuse ryo gucukura, ryateje imbere icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa ductile, icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa malleable, icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa ultra-low karubone na aluminium cupper, aluminium silicon, aluminium magnesium alloy, titanium base, nickel base alloy n'ibindi bikoresho by'icyuma bicukurwa, kandi havumbuwe uburyo bushya bwo gukora icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa grey cast. Nyuma ya 1950, hashyizweho ikoranabuhanga rishya nko gucukura umusenyi utose, gucukura umusenyi ukoresha imiti, gukora igice cy'imbere, gucukura umusenyi ukoresha pressure, n'ibindi bikoresho byihariye byo gucukura no guturitsa amasasu.
5. Hari ubwoko bwinshi bwo gucukura. Dukurikije uburyo bwo gushushanya, busanzwe bugabanywamo ibice 0 bisanzwe byo gucukura umucanga, harimo ubwoko bw'umucanga utose, ubwoko bw'umucanga wumye n'ubwoko bw'umucanga wo gukomera wa shimi. (2) gucukura byihariye, ibikoresho byo gucukura bya pressure kandi bishobora kugabanywamo umucanga w'amabuye y'agaciro nk'ibikoresho by'ingenzi byo gucukura byihariye (urugero: gucukura ishoramari, gucukura ibumba, gucukura ibumba ry'ibishishwa, gucukura umukandara, gucukura ibumba rya ceramic, nibindi) n'icyuma nk'ibikoresho by'ingenzi byo gucukura byihariye (nk'ugucukura ibumba ry'icyuma, gucukura umukandara, gucukura ubudasiba, gucukura umukandara muto, gucukura centrifugal, nibindi).
6, uburyo bwo gucukura busanzwe burimo: (gucukura (ibikoresho) bituma icyuma gicukura neza, gucukura hakurikijwe ibikoresho bishobora kugabanywamo ibumba ry'umucanga, icyuma, keramike, icyondo, grafiti, nibindi, bishobora kugabanywa hakoreshejwe ubwoko bukoreshwa, buhoraho kandi buhoraho, ubwiza bwo gutegura ibumba ni ibintu by'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku bwiza bwo gucukura; Gushonga no gusuka icyuma gicukura, gucukura icyuma (ibumba ricukura) ahanini birimo icyuma gicukura, icyuma gicukura n'ibumba ritari feri; (3) gutunganya no kugenzura gucukura, gutunganya, harimo gukuraho ibice by'imbere n'ibice by'imbere, gukuraho riser, gusya icyuma n'ibindi bice, gutunganya ubushyuhe, gutunganya, kurwanya ingese no gutunganya ibintu bikomeye. Valve y'ipompo yo kwinjira
Ubucuzi bwa kabiri
1, gucura: ni ugukoresha imashini zicura ku gitutu cy'icyuma, guhindura imiterere ya pulasitiki kugira ngo haboneke imiterere runaka ya mashini, imiterere n'ingano runaka by'uburyo bwo gutunganya gucura.
2, kimwe mu bice bibiri by'ingenzi bigize forging. Binyuze mu forging bishobora gukuraho icyuma nk'imyobo idafite aho iboheye, yo gusudira, imiterere ya mekanike y'forging muri rusange ni myiza kuruta ibyuma bimwe byo gusudira. Ku bice by'ingenzi bifite umutwaro mwinshi n'imikorere ikaze mu mashini, forging ikoreshwa cyane cyane uretse plate, porofile cyangwa ibice byo gusudira bifite imiterere yoroshye ishobora kuzingirwa.
3, gucura hakurikijwe uburyo bwo gukora bishobora kugabanywamo: 0 gucura bifunguye (gucura bidafite ishingiro). Gukoresha imbaraga cyangwa igitutu kugira ngo icyuma kiri hagati y’igice cyo hejuru n’icyo hasi cy’icyuma kirwanya icyuma (anvil block) kugira ngo haboneke uburyo bukenewe bwo gucura, cyane cyane gucura intoki n’uburyo bwo gucura. ② Uburyo bwo gucura bufunze. Icyuma kirimo ubusa cyangiritse bitewe n’igitutu mu cyumba cy’icyuma cyo gucura gifite ishusho runaka, kandi gucura bishobora kugabanywamo gucura, gucura bikonje, gucura bizunguruka, gusohora n’ibindi. Dukurikije uburyo bwo gucura, gucura bishobora kugabanywamo gucura bishyushye (ubushyuhe bwo gutunganya buri hejuru y’ubushyuhe bwo gucura busanzwe bw’icyuma kirimo ubusa), gucura bishyushye (buri munsi y’ubushyuhe bwo gucura) n’ugucura bikonje (ubushyuhe busanzwe).
4, ibikoresho byo gucukura ahanini bigizwe n'ibice bitandukanye by'icyuma cya karuboni n'icyuma cya alloy, hagakurikiraho aluminiyumu, manyeziyumu, titaniyumu, umuringa n'icyuma cyayo. Imiterere y'umwimerere y'ibikoresho irimo inkoni, iminyururu yo gucukura, ifu y'icyuma n'ibyuma by'amazi. Igipimo cy'agace k'icyuma mbere yo gucukura n'agace k'igice nyuma yo gucukura cyitwa forging ratio. Guhitamo neza forging kuruta kunoza ireme ry'ibicuruzwa, kugabanya ikiguzi bifite isano ikomeye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-01-2021