1 Incamake
Valve y'ibinyugunyugu ni igikoresho cy'ingenzi mu miyoboro y'amazi n'imiyoboro y'amazi. Bitewe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga mu nganda, hashyizweho ibisabwa bitandukanye ku miterere n'imikorere ya valve y'ibinyugunyugu. Kubwibyo, ubwoko, ibikoresho n'uburyo bwo kuyihuza bigomba gutoranywa neza hakurikijwe imiterere y'akazi mu gihe cyo kuyishushanya no kuyitoranya.
Valve y'ibinyugunyugu ni igikoresho cy'ingenzi mu miyoboro y'amazi n'imiyoboro y'amazi. Bitewe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga mu nganda, hashyizweho ibisabwa bitandukanye ku miterere n'imikorere ya valve y'ibinyugunyugu. Kubwibyo, ubwoko, ibikoresho n'uburyo bwo kuyihuza bigomba gutoranywa neza hakurikijwe imiterere y'akazi mu gihe cyo kuyishushanya no kuyitoranya.
2 Igishushanyo
2.1 Imiterere
Igice gifunga (icyapa cy'ikinyugunyugu) cy'urukiramende kiri hagati mu gice cy'amazi, kandi ingaruka zacyo ku kunanirwa kw'amazi zigomba kwitabwaho mu gishushanyo mbonera.
2.1 Imiterere
Igice gifunga (icyapa cy'ikinyugunyugu) cy'urukiramende kiri hagati mu gice cy'amazi, kandi ingaruka zacyo ku kunanirwa kw'amazi zigomba kwitabwaho mu gishushanyo mbonera.
Ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'ikibaho cy'ikinyugunyugu cy'ikinyugunyugu kinini, AWWA C504 (American Water Supply Engineering Association Standard) ivuga ko ikibaho cy'ikinyugunyugu kidakwiye kugira imbavu zinyuranamo, kandi ko ubugari bwacyo butagomba kurenza inshuro 2.25 z'umurambararo w'ikibaho cy'ikinyugunyugu.
Ubuso bw'amazi n'ubuso bw'amazi bw'ikibaho cy'ikinyugunyugu bigomba koroshywa.
Utwuma tw'imbere ntidushobora gusohoka hanze y'ikibaho cy'ikinyugunyugu, kugira ngo tudakomeza kongera ubuso bw'amazi.
2.2 Ifuru ya Rubber
Ubuso bw'amazi n'ubuso bw'amazi bw'ikibaho cy'ikinyugunyugu bigomba koroshywa.
Utwuma tw'imbere ntidushobora gusohoka hanze y'ikibaho cy'ikinyugunyugu, kugira ngo tudakomeza kongera ubuso bw'amazi.
2.2 Ifuru ya Rubber
Hari igihe ubuzima bwa valve y'urushundura rwa rubber buba bugufi, bifitanye isano n'ubwiza bwa rubber n'ubugari bw'ubuso bwo gufunga. Impeta yo gufunga ya valve y'urushundura ya rubber igomba kuba ikozwe mu bikoresho bya rubber byiza, kandi amabwiriza y'imikorere agomba gukurikizwa mu gihe cyo gukanda. Ubushyuhe bwa vulcanization ntibugomba kongerwa uko bushaka, kandi igihe gishobora kugabanuka, bitabaye ibyo bizatuma impeta yo gufunga isaza kandi icikagurike. Ubuso bwo gufunga bw'icyuma buhuye n'impeta yo gufunga ya rubber bugomba kugira ubugari buhagije, bitabaye ibyo impeta yo gufunga ya rubber ntiyoroshye gushyirwamo. Byongeye kandi, imiterere n'aho ihagaze, uburinganire, ubuziranenge, uburyo bworoshye, no gukomera kw'impeta yo gufunga y'umubiri wa valve n'igice cy'urushundura bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwa valve yo gufunga.
2.2 Ubukana
Ubukana ni ikibazo cy'ingenzi mu miterere y'udupira tw'ibinyugunyugu, bifitanye isano n'ibintu nk'ibipande by'ibinyugunyugu, imiyoboro y'udupira n'aho duhurira.
Ubukana ni ikibazo cy'ingenzi mu miterere y'udupira tw'ibinyugunyugu, bifitanye isano n'ibintu nk'ibipande by'ibinyugunyugu, imiyoboro y'udupira n'aho duhurira.
(1) Ingano y'umugozi wa valve Ingano y'umugozi wa valve ivugwa muri AWWA C504. Niba ingano y'umugozi wa valve itujuje ibisabwa, hashobora kuba hari uburinzi budahagije, gusohora kw'inyuma, na torque nini yo gufungura. Uburinzi bw'umugozi bufitanye isano na 1/EI, ni ukuvuga, kugira ngo twongere uburinzi no kugabanya ikibazo cyo guhinduka, twagombye gutangira twongera EI. E ni modulus yo guhindagurika. Muri rusange, itandukaniro ry'icyuma si rinini, kandi ibikoresho byatoranijwe bigira ingaruka nke ku burinzi. I ni igihe cyo guhagarara kandi bifitanye isano n'ingano y'igice cy'umugozi. Ingano y'umugozi wa valve muri rusange ibarwa hakurikijwe uruvange rwo guhagarara no guhindukira. Ntabwo bifitanye isano gusa n'umugozi, ahubwo binafitanye isano cyane n'igihe cyo guhagarara. By'umwihariko, igihe cyo guhagarara cya valve nini y'ubugari bw'ikinyugunyugu ni kinini cyane kuruta torque.
(2) Guhuza umwobo w'umugozi Verisiyo ishaje ya AWWA C504 ivuga ko umugozi w'umugozi w'umunyugunyugu ari umugozi ugororotse. Nyuma ya verisiyo yo mu 1980, byavuzwe ko ushobora gukorwamo imigozi ibiri migufi. Dukurikije AWWA C504 na GB12238, uburebure bw'umugozi n'umwobo bugomba kuba 1.5d. Icyuho (agaciro ka C) kiri hagati y'inkombe y'umubiri w'umugozi n'intambwe y'inkunga y'ikibaho cy'umunyugunyugu mu gipimo cy'umurongo w'umugongo wa munyugunyugu w'umuyapani cyaragaragajwe, muri rusange gifitanye isano n'ingano y'umurambararo, iri hagati ya mm 25 na 45, aribyo bigamije kugabanya intera iri hagati y'inkunga z'umunyugunyugu (agaciro ka C), bityo bigabanye igihe cyo guhinda no guhinduka k'umunyugunyugu.
(3) Imiterere y'isahani y'ikinyugunyugu Imiterere y'isahani y'ikinyugunyugu ifite isano itaziguye n'ubudahangarwa, bityo uretse imiterere y'isahani irambuye, ahanini ikorwamo ishusho y'inkono cyangwa ishusho y'igiti. Muri make, ni ukongera igihe cy'ubudahangarwa bw'igice kugira ngo wongere ubudahangarwa.
(4) Imiterere y'umubiri w'imvange Hari kandi ibibazo byo gukomera mu miterere y'umubiri w'imvange nini y'inyugunyugu. Muri rusange, hari imbavu z'impeta n'imbavu z'impande. Mu by'ukuri, imbavu z'impande zongera gusa ubushobozi bwo kugumana ibintu neza kandi ntizigomba kuba nyinshi cyane. Iz'ingenzi ni imbavu z'impeta. Niba ushobora kongeramo imbavu zifite ishusho ya ∩, bizaba ingirakamaro cyane ku gukomera kwabyo, ariko hari ikibazo cyo kudakora neza.
2.3 Amasafuriya yisiga amavuta
Igice kinini cyangwa cyose cy'igitutu kiri ku gice cy'ikinyugunyugu (inyuma) cyoherezwa mu cyuma gica mu cyuma, bityo icyuma gifata icyuma kigira uruhare runini cyane. Amwe mu mavali y'ikinyugunyugu yo mu mahanga ni yoroshye kandi yoroshye, kandi amavali mato ashobora guhindurwa n'urutoki rumwe, mu gihe amwe mu mavali y'ikinyugunyugu yo mu rugo aremereye. Uretse kuba ahuzagurika, uburinganire, gutunganya neza, kurangiza neza n'ubwiza bw'ibipfunyika, ni ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane ni uburyo ibikoresho by'amavali bikoresha. Amahame ngenderwaho ya AWWA C504 agaragaza ko agati cyangwa icyuma gishyirwa mu cyuma gifata icyuma kigomba kuba ibikoresho byishyira mu cyuma gifata icyuma, kandi agati gafata icyuma gafite ikibazo cyo kugabanya ubukana no gusya, kandi ingese ntibyemewe. Hatabayeho agati gafata icyuma, nubwo agati gafata icyuma kaba ari icyuma kidashonga, umubiri wa icyuma ufite ibibazo by'ingese no gufatana. Gukoresha amabati bishobora no kongera ubukana.
Igice kinini cyangwa cyose cy'igitutu kiri ku gice cy'ikinyugunyugu (inyuma) cyoherezwa mu cyuma gica mu cyuma, bityo icyuma gifata icyuma kigira uruhare runini cyane. Amwe mu mavali y'ikinyugunyugu yo mu mahanga ni yoroshye kandi yoroshye, kandi amavali mato ashobora guhindurwa n'urutoki rumwe, mu gihe amwe mu mavali y'ikinyugunyugu yo mu rugo aremereye. Uretse kuba ahuzagurika, uburinganire, gutunganya neza, kurangiza neza n'ubwiza bw'ibipfunyika, ni ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane ni uburyo ibikoresho by'amavali bikoresha. Amahame ngenderwaho ya AWWA C504 agaragaza ko agati cyangwa icyuma gishyirwa mu cyuma gifata icyuma kigomba kuba ibikoresho byishyira mu cyuma gifata icyuma, kandi agati gafata icyuma gafite ikibazo cyo kugabanya ubukana no gusya, kandi ingese ntibyemewe. Hatabayeho agati gafata icyuma, nubwo agati gafata icyuma kaba ari icyuma kidashonga, umubiri wa icyuma ufite ibibazo by'ingese no gufatana. Gukoresha amabati bishobora no kongera ubukana.
2.4 Guhuza igice cy'umugozi n'ikinyugunyugu
Umugozi n'agace k'ikinyugunyugu bya valve y'ikinyugunyugu ifite umurambararo muto byaba byiza bihujwe n'urufunguzo cyangwa spline, kandi umurongo wa polygonal shaft cyangwa pin connection nabyo bishobora gukoreshwa. Umugozi n'agace k'ikinyugunyugu bya valve y'ikinyugunyugu nini bihuzwa cyane cyane n'imfunguzo cyangwa taper pins. Kuri ubu, shafts nyinshi na disiki bihuzwa n'udupira. Pin connecting pin yangiritse mu gihe cy'akazi gakomeye. Ibi biterwa ahanini n'impamvu zo gukora. Muri zo, uburyo bwo kumenya neza ikoreshwa ry'agace k'ikinyugunyugu ntabwo ari bwiza, ingano y'agace k'ikinyugunyugu ntikwiye, ubukana bw'agace k'ikinyugunyugu ntibuhagije cyangwa ibikoresho ntibikwiye, nibindi, bigomba kwitabwaho. Umugozi n'agace k'ikinyugunyugu bya valve y'ikinyugunyugu nini bishobora guhuzwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwihariye.
Umugozi n'agace k'ikinyugunyugu bya valve y'ikinyugunyugu ifite umurambararo muto byaba byiza bihujwe n'urufunguzo cyangwa spline, kandi umurongo wa polygonal shaft cyangwa pin connection nabyo bishobora gukoreshwa. Umugozi n'agace k'ikinyugunyugu bya valve y'ikinyugunyugu nini bihuzwa cyane cyane n'imfunguzo cyangwa taper pins. Kuri ubu, shafts nyinshi na disiki bihuzwa n'udupira. Pin connecting pin yangiritse mu gihe cy'akazi gakomeye. Ibi biterwa ahanini n'impamvu zo gukora. Muri zo, uburyo bwo kumenya neza ikoreshwa ry'agace k'ikinyugunyugu ntabwo ari bwiza, ingano y'agace k'ikinyugunyugu ntikwiye, ubukana bw'agace k'ikinyugunyugu ntibuhagije cyangwa ibikoresho ntibikwiye, nibindi, bigomba kwitabwaho. Umugozi n'agace k'ikinyugunyugu bya valve y'ikinyugunyugu nini bishobora guhuzwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwihariye.
2.5 Uburebure bw'imiterere
Uburebure bw'imiterere y'agace k'ibinyugunyugu butera kumera nk'uruhererekane rugufi, ariko uburyo nk'ubwo bugomba kwitonda. Kubera ko uburebure bw'imiterere ari bugufi cyane ku buryo bugira ingaruka ku mbaraga. Amabwiriza mpuzamahanga yagennye uburebure bw'imiterere y'agace kagufi k'agace k'ibinyugunyugu, ariko uburebure bw'imiterere y'agace k'ibinyugunyugu bufite umuvuduko mwinshi ntibugomba kugabanywa, bitabaye ibyo hazabaho ibibazo, cyane cyane ku bikoresho byoroshye nko mu byuma bishongeshejwe.
Uburebure bw'imiterere y'agace k'ibinyugunyugu butera kumera nk'uruhererekane rugufi, ariko uburyo nk'ubwo bugomba kwitonda. Kubera ko uburebure bw'imiterere ari bugufi cyane ku buryo bugira ingaruka ku mbaraga. Amabwiriza mpuzamahanga yagennye uburebure bw'imiterere y'agace kagufi k'agace k'ibinyugunyugu, ariko uburebure bw'imiterere y'agace k'ibinyugunyugu bufite umuvuduko mwinshi ntibugomba kugabanywa, bitabaye ibyo hazabaho ibibazo, cyane cyane ku bikoresho byoroshye nko mu byuma bishongeshejwe.
Nortech ni imwe mu nganda zikomeye mu gukora valve mu Bushinwa ifite icyemezo cy’ubuziranenge cya ISO9001.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-20-2021