1. Itsindavalve y'umupirayavuye kuri valve ifunga. Igice cyayo cyo gufungura no gufunga gikora nk'uruziga, rukoresha urwo ruziga kugira ngo ruzunguruke dogere 90 ku murongo w'uruziga rw'uruziga kugira ngo rugere ku ntego yo gufungura no gufunga.
2. Imikorere ya valve y'umupira
Valve y'umupira ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukata, gukwirakwiza no guhindura icyerekezo cy'inzira y'amashanyarazi mu muyoboro. Valve y'umupira yakozwe nk'umwobo ufite ishusho ya V ifite imikorere myiza yo guhindura amazi.
Valve y'umupira ntabwo ari iyoroshye gusa mu miterere yayo, ni nziza mu gukora neza, ahubwo ni ntoya mu bunini, yoroheje mu buremere, ikoreshwa mu bikoresho bike, ni nto mu kuyishyiraho, kandi ifite imbaraga nke mu buryo bwo kuyikoresha mu gihe runaka. Iyo valve iroroshye kuyikoresha kandi yoroshye kuyifungura no kuyifunga vuba. Ni imwe mu bwoko bwa valve zikura vuba mu myaka irenga icumi. Cyane cyane mu bihugu byateye imbere nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Ubuyapani, Ubudage, Ubufaransa, Ubutaliyani, Uburengerazuba n'Ubwongereza, ikoreshwa rya valve ni rinini cyane, kandi ubwoko n'ingano y'ikoreshwa bikomeje kwaguka. Ubuzima, imikorere myiza yo kugenzura no guteza imbere valve mu buryo butandukanye, ubwizerwe bwayo n'ibindi bimenyetso by'imikorere byageze ku rwego rwo hejuru, kandi byasimbuye valve z'amarembo, valve zo guhagarara, na valve zo kugenzura.
Bitewe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rya valves z’umupira, mu gihe gito giteganyijwe, hazabaho ikoreshwa ryinshi mu miyoboro ya peteroli na gazi, mu byuma bitunganya peteroli no kuyicukura, ndetse no mu nganda za kirimbuzi. Byongeye kandi, valves z’umupira zizaba zimwe mu bwoko bwa valves zikomeye mu byuma binini n’ibiciriritse ndetse no mu nganda zifite umuvuduko muto n’uciriritse mu zindi nganda.
Ibyiza 3 bya valve y'umupira
Ifite ubushobozi bwo kwirinda amazi mu rugero rwo hasi cyane (mu by'ukuri ni zeru)
Kubera ko itazigera ihagarara mu gihe cy'akazi (igihe nta mavuta arimo), ishobora gushyirwa mu buryo bwizewe ku bintu byangiza n'ibintu bishyuha cyane.
Mu gihe cy’umuvuduko mwinshi n’ubushyuhe bwinshi, hashobora kuboneka uburyo bwo gufunga burundu.
Ishobora gufungura no gufunga byihuse, kandi igihe cyo gufungura no gufunga cy’inyubako zimwe na zimwe ni 0.05-0.1s gusa kugira ngo ikoreshwe muri sisitemu y’imikorere y’imashini ipima. Iyo ufungura kandi ufunga valve vuba, nta guhungabana guhari.
Imiterere ya valve y'umupira
Uburyo bwo gukora bufunze neza ku mpande zombi.
Iyo bifunguye neza kandi bifunze neza, ubuso bwo gufunga bw'umupira n'intebe ya valve biba bitandukanye n'ubwo buryo bwo gufunga, bityo ubwo buryo bunyura muri valve ku muvuduko mwinshi ntibuzatera kwangirika k'ubuso bwo gufunga.
Kubera ko ifite imiterere mito kandi yoroheje, ishobora gufatwa nk'imiterere ikwiye cyane ya valve kuri sisitemu z'itumanaho zikoresha ibyuma bishyuha.
Igice cy'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi kiba gifite imiterere ingana, cyane cyane iyo imiterere y'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ihujwe, ikaba ishobora kwihanganira umuvuduko uturuka ku muyoboro.
Igice cyo gufunga gishobora kwihanganira itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko mwinshi iyo gifunze.
Valve y'umupira ifite umubiri upfunyitse neza ishobora gushyingurwa mu butaka, kugira ngo ibice by'imbere bya valve bitangirika, kandi igihe ntarengwa cyo kuyikoresha gishobora kugera ku myaka 30. Ni valve nziza cyane ku miyoboro ya peteroli na gaze karemano.
Kubera ko valve y'umupira ifite ibyiza byavuzwe haruguru, ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo kuyikoresha. Valve y'umupira ishobora gukoreshwa kuri: inzira y'amazina ni hagati ya mm 8 na mm 1200.
Igitutu cy’umuvuduko gitangira kuva kuri vacuum kugeza kuri 42MPa naho ubushyuhe bwo gukora buri hagati ya -204°C na 815°C.