Imipira 4 ifatanye
Ibikoresho by'ingenzi cyane byo gufunga intebevalve z'umupirani polytetraoxyethylene (PTFE), ishobora kwangirika ku bintu hafi ya byose bya shimi, kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo gukururana buke, ubushobozi buhamye, ntibyoroshye gusaza, ubushyuhe bunini bukoreshwa n'imikorere yo gufunga. Imiterere myiza cyane ya PTFE, harimo ubushobozi bwo kwaguka cyane, ubushobozi bwo gutemba ubukonje n'ubushobozi buke bwo gutwara ubushyuhe, bisaba imiterere y'udupfundikizo tw'intebe kugira ngo twibande kuri ibi bintu. Ibikoresho bya pulasitiki by'agapfundikizo k'intebe ka valve birimo na PTFE yuzuye, nylon n'ibindi bikoresho byinshi. Ariko, iyo ibikoresho byo gufunga bikomereye, icyizere cy'agapfundikizo kirangirika, cyane cyane mu gihe hari itandukaniro rito ry'umuvuduko. Byongeye kandi, agapfundikizo k'ubukonje nka butyl rubber na ko gashobora gukoreshwa nk'ibikoresho byo gufunga intebe ka valve, ariko imiti ikoreshwa mu rwego rwo hagati n'ubushyuhe ni mike. Byongeye kandi, niba igikoresho kidasizwe amavuta, ikoreshwa rya agapfundikizo k'ubukonje rishobora gutuma umupira ucika.
Kugira ngo huzuzwe ibisabwa mu ikoreshwa ry’inganda nko mu bushyuhe bwinshi, umuvuduko mwinshi, isuri ikomeye, kuramba, nibindi, vali z’umupira zifunze ibyuma zatejwe imbere cyane mu myaka icumi ishize. Cyane cyane mu bihugu byateye imbere mu nganda, nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Ubutaliyani, Ubudage, Esipanye, Ubuholandi, nibindi, imiterere ya vali y’umupira yakomeje kunozwa, kandi habayeho vali z’umupira zipfundikiye umubiri wose, vali z’umupira ziterura, na vali z’umupira mu miyoboro miremire, ibikoresho byo gutunganya peteroli, nibindi. Urwego rw’inganda rukoreshwa cyane, rufite umurambararo munini (3050mm), umuvuduko mwinshi (70MPa) n’ubushyuhe bwinshi (-196 ~ 8159C), ku buryo ikoranabuhanga rya vali y’umupira ryageze ku rwego rushya.
5 Igishushanyo mbonera cy'amavalufu y'umupira n'inganda
Bitewe n'ikoreshwa rya mudasobwa zifasha mu gushushanya (CAD), mudasobwa zifasha mu gukora (CAM) na Mulberry Manufacturing System (FMS) mu nganda zikora valve, igishushanyo mbonera n'ikorwa rya valve z'umupira byageze ku rwego rushya rwose. Ntabwo byavumbuye burundu uburyo bwo kubara valve, ahubwo byanagabanyije akazi gakomeye kandi gahoraho k'abahanga n'abatekinisiye, kugira ngo abatekinisiye bagire imbaraga zo kunoza, kunoza imikorere y'ibicuruzwa no guteza imbere ibicuruzwa bishya, no kugabanya ubushakashatsi n'iterambere ry'ibicuruzwa bishya. , Kunoza umusaruro w'abakozi mu buryo bwose, kandi mu gikorwa cy'ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere valve y'umupira yo guterura icyuma yo mu bwoko bwa lifting cut, bitewe n'ikoreshwa rya CAD / CAM, hagaragaye agace kanini k'icyuma gakozwe n'igishushanyo mbonera gifasha mudasobwa n'ibikoresho bya CNC bifashijwe na mudasobwa, ari byo bifunga by'icyuma. Valve y'umupira nta nkovu cyangwa ubusaza ifite mu gihe cyo gufungura no gufunga, bityo imikorere yo gufunga no kumara igihe cy'akazi ka valve y'umupira irushaho kuba myiza cyane. Iyo valve y'umupira ifunguye neza, ubushobozi bwo kuyinyuramo buba buto cyane, hafi ya zeru, bityo valve y'umupira ifite umurambararo ungana ikoreshwa cyane mu miyoboro ya peteroli na gaze kuko byoroshye gusukura umuyoboro. Kubera ko umupira wa valve y'umupira uhanagurwa mu gihe cyo gufungura no gufunga, valve nyinshi z'umupira zishobora gukoreshwa mu byuma bifite uduce duto duto. Bitewe n'ibikoresho by'impeta yo gufunga, ishobora no gukoreshwa mu byuma bifu n'ibinyabutabire.
Igihe cy'ikoreshwa rya valve 6 z'umupira
Kubera ko ubusanzwe umupira w'impeta ukoresha kabutike, nayiloni na polytetraoxyethylene nk'ibikoresho byo gufunga intebe, ubushyuhe bwawo bugengwa n'ibikoresho byo gufunga intebe by'impeta. Ingaruka zo gukata umupira w'impeta zigerwaho n'uko umupira w'icyuma ukandagirwa hagati y'intebe za pulasitiki munsi y'igikorwa cy'icyuma (valve igenda irembera). Mu gihe cy'igitutu runaka cyo gukoraho, impeta yo gufunga intebe y'impeta irahinduka mu buryo bworoshye no mu buryo bwa pulasitiki mu bice bimwe na bimwe. Uku guhinduka gushobora kwishyura uburyo bwo gukora umupira neza no guhindagurika kw'ubuso bwawo, no kwemeza ko umupira w'impeta ukomeza gukora neza.
Byongeye kandi, kubera ko impeta yo gufunga intebe y'umupira isanzwe ikozwe muri pulasitiki, mu guhitamo imiterere n'imikorere ya valve y'umupira, ni ngombwa kuzirikana uburyo valve y'umupira irwanya umuriro n'uburyo irwanya umuriro, cyane cyane mu bijyanye na peteroli, imiti, ibyuma n'ibindi, mu bikoresho bishobora gushya no guturika. Ikoreshwa rya valve y'umupira mu bikoresho no mu miyoboro ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika rikwiye kwitabwaho cyane mu kurwanya umuriro no gukumira inkongi.
Muri rusange, mu buryo bwo guhindura imyanya ibiri, gukora neza mu gufunga, ibyondo, gushwanyagurika, inzira yo gufunga ijosi, gufungura no gufunga vuba (1/4 cy'ifungura no gufunga), gufunga umuvuduko mwinshi (itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko munini), urusaku ruto, gufunga no guhumeka, Mu buryo bwo gufunga imiyoboro ifite amazi make mu kirere, imbaraga nke zikora n'ubudahangarwa buke bw'amazi, ni byiza gukoresha valve z'umupira.
Amavali y'umupira akwiriye kandi ku miyoboro ifite imiterere yoroheje, igabanya umuvuduko muke (itandukaniro rito ry'umuvuduko), n'ibikoresho byangiza.
Amavali y'umupira ashobora kandi gukoreshwa mu bikoresho bishyuha cyane (cryogenic) ndetse no mu miyoboro.
Mu buryo bw'imiyoboro ya ogisijeni mu nganda zikora ibyuma, hakenewe uturindantoki tw'umupira twakorewe isuku ikomeye yo gukuraho amavuta.
Iyo imirongo mikuru mu miyoboro ya peteroli na gaze igomba gutwikirwa munsi y'ubutaka, hakenewe imvange z'umupira zifite umurambararo wose.
Iyo bikenewe ko habaho guhindura imikorere, hagomba gutoranywa valve y'umupira ifite imiterere yihariye ifite umwobo usa na V.
Mu bijyanye na peteroli, peteroli, imiti, amashanyarazi, n'ubwubatsi bw'imijyi, utubati tw'umupira dufunganye kuva ku cyuma kugera ku cyuma dushobora gukoreshwa mu miyoboro ifite ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya 200°C.
Amahame 7 yo gukoresha valve z'umupira
Ku miyoboro ya peteroli na gaze karemano, imiyoboro igomba gusukurwa, no gutwikirwa mu butaka, koresha valve z'umupira zikozwe mu buryo bwa "all-pass" n'izikozwe mu buryo bwa "all-welded"; ku miyoboro y'amashami, hitamo valve z'umupira zikozwe mu buryo bwa "all-pass" cyangwa "flanged"; hitamo connection ya flange, connection ya "welding", valve y'umupira ikozwe mu buryo bwa "full-pass" cyangwa "reduced diameter".
Ku muyoboro w'ubwikorezi n'ibikoresho byo kubikamo amavuta meza, koresha valves z'umupira zifite flange.
Ku miyoboro ya gaze na gaze karemano yo mu mujyi, koresha valves z'umupira zigenda zirembera zifite aho zihurira n'umugozi w'imbere.
Mu buryo bw'imiyoboro ya ogisijeni muri sisitemu y'ibyuma, hagomba gukoreshwa valve y'umupira idahinduka yakoreshejwe mu gukuraho amavuta mu buryo bukabije no guhuza flange.
Ku miyoboro n'ibikoresho bikoresha ubushyuhe buke, hagomba gukoreshwa uturindantoki tw'umupira dufite ubushyuhe buke dufite udupfundikizo. Mu miyoboro y'icyuma gicagagura amavuta mu gice gitunganya amavuta, hashobora gutoranywa uturindantoki tw'umupira dukoresha ubwoko bwa lifter.
Mu bikoresho n'imiyoboro y'ibikoresho byangiza nk'aside na alkali mu buryo bwa chimique, ni byiza gukoresha valve zose z'icyuma kitagira umugese zikozwe mu cyuma kitagira umugese cya austenitic na polytetraoxyethylene nk'intebe n'impeta yo kuzifunga.
Amavali yo gufunga ibyuma ashobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bw'imiyoboro cyangwa ibikoresho byo gukoresha mu bushyuhe bwinshi mu buryo bw'ibyuma, mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi, mu gushyiraho peteroli, no mu buryo bwo gushyushya mu mijyi.
Iyo bikenewe guhindura uburyo amazi anyuramo, ushobora guhitamo icyuma gikoresha inzoka, icyuma gikoresha umwuka cyangwa icyuma gikoresha amashanyarazi gifite ishusho ya V.